The Yorktown Battle

 George Washington and find out Lord Cornwallis' army was in Yorktown in the late summer of 1781. So the Patriots  raced southward from New York to encounter with the French fleet under Admiral Comte de Grasse in Chesapeake Bay. Washington arrived just in time to surprise the British, who were waiting for reinforcements that never came from either General Henry Clinton or the British fleet.

 The French fleet blocked the bay from Cornwallis while Washington blocked it in land. The British troops passed three weeks of without a way of escaping. Lord Cornwallis' finally surrendered  on October 19, 1781 and this ended the plan of British in the south. The loyalist and Patriot forces in the south had fought a series of savage fights that left both sides bloodied.Cornwallis surrender his army of  over 8,000 men. And send a white flag with a drummer boy to accept their defeat.The surrender occurred while  the British band played The World Turned Upside Down, a tune that underscored the strange turn of events.This battle effectively ended the Revolutionary War with Great Britain, and helped the patriots to begin as a new Country. 

The Paris Peace Treaty of 1783

Even though Cornwallis' army surrender at Yorktown in 1781, little battles between the Loyalists and Patriots occured during the next two years. Finally, in February of 1783 George III issued his Proclamation of Cessation of Hostilities, concluding in the Peace Treaty of 1783. Signed in Paris on September 3, 1783, the agreement also known as the Paris Peace Treaty finally ended the United States War for Independence.

Representing the United States were John Adams, Benjamin Franklin and John Jay, signed the treaty. 

Some terms of the treaty said that, Britain recognized the independent nation of the United States of America. Also that they agreed to remove all of its troops from the new nation. The treaty also set new borders for the United States, including all land from the Great Lakes on the north to Florida on the south, and from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River. The United States agreed to allow British troops still in America to leave and also agreed to pay all the money they owed to Britain. The United States also agreed not to persecute loyalists still in America and to allow the ones who left to return.

As a summary this are the nine articles that the treaty had: established U.S. boundaries, specified certain fishing rights, allowed creditors of each country to be paid by citizens of the other, restored the rights and property of Loyalists, opened up the Mississippi River to citizens of both nations and provided for evacuation of all British forces.

Financial Aspects of French in the War

France's status as a great modern power was affirmed by the war. Even though French territory was not affected, victory in a war against Britain with battles like the siege in Yorktown in 1781 had a large financial cost which severely degraded fragile finances and increased the deficit in France. Even worse, France’s hope to become the first commercial partner of United States was not realized, and Britain immediately became the United States’ main trade partner. Pre-war trade was kept between Britain and the US, with most American trade remaining within the British Empire. France, despite its financial difficulties, used the occasion of the war to weaken its rival in European and world affairs, Britan. Independence for the colonies would seriously damage the British and create a rising power, the United States, that could be allied with France. Some argue France primarily sought revenge against Britain for the loss of territory in America in the Treaty of Power. French participation reflected the desperate French diplomatic position on the European continent. The Spanish navy was vital to the maintenance of the military initiative by the allies. France was desperate for peace but did not attempt to betray the United States. The French government was overwhelmed by debt maintenance, but war led to the financial crisis. 

Bernardo de Galvez

Bernardo de Gálvez, was born on July 23, 1746, in Malaga, Spain and died on November 30, 1786, in Mexico City.  He was a Spanish military leader and the general of Spanish forces in New Spain who served as governor of Louisiana and Cuba and as viceroy of New Spain.

Gálvez helped the 13 Colonies in their war for independence and led the Spanish armies against Britain in the Revolutionary War, defeating the British at Pensacola and reconquering Florida for Spain. He spent the last two years of his life as viceroy, succeeding his father, who had been viceroy before him. Galveston, Texas and other places are named for him.

Gálvez was born in Macharaviaya, a village in the province of Malaga, Spain, on July 23, 1746. He studied military sciences at the Academia de Ávila and at the age of 16 he participated in the Spanish Invasion of Portu. During the invasion he was promoted to Lieutenant. He arrived in New Spain, then Mexico, in 1762. As a captain, he fought the Apaches, with his Opata Indian allies. In 1770, he was promoted to commandant of arms of Nueva Vizcaya y Sonora, northern provinces of New Spain, and New Mexico.

In 1772, he returned to Spain with his uncle, Jose de Galvez. Later, he was sent to Pau, France with the Cantabria regiment. There, he learned to speak French, which served him well when he became governor of Louisiana. He was transferred to Seville, in 1775, and then participated in the disastrous expedition of O'Reilly. After capturing the fortress that guarded the city, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel. He then became a professor at the military academy of Ávila.

George Roger Clark

George Roger Clark born on November 19, 1752 he was a soldier from Virginia and had the  highest rankingas the  American military officer on the northwestern frontier during the American Revolutionary War. He served as leader of the Kentucky that then was part of Virginia militia throughout much of the war. Clark is best known for his celebrated captures of Kaskaskia and Vincennes , which greatly weakened British influence in the Northwest Territory. Because the British ceded the entire Northwest Territory to the United States in the 1783 Treaty of Paris, Clark has often been hailed as the "Conqueror of the Old Northwest."
Clark's military achievements all came before his 30th birthday. Afterwards he led militia in the opening engagements of the Northwest Indian War, but was accused of being drunk on duty. Despite his demand for a formal investigation into the accusations, he was disgraced and forced to resign. He left Kentucky to live on the Indiana frontier.Clark spent the final decades of his life evading creditors, and living in increasing poverty and obscurity. He was involved in two failed conspiracies to open the Spanish-controlled Mississippi River to American traffic. After suffering a stroke and losing his leg, Clark was aided in his final years by family members, including his younger brother William, one of the leaders of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Clark died of a stroke on February 13, 1818.

Deborah Sampson

Deborah Sampson was born on the 17th of December, 1760 her parents were Jonathan and Deborah Bradford Sampson. She had seven more brothers and sisters.
With the Thomas family, she gained a good education. She often learnt from the books lying around the house and would go along with the Thomas’ sons to school. There she learnt a lot. She would also do work around the house. She had grown to become very interested in the politics of the time.
When she turned 18, she could not serve as with the Thomas household. But she lived with them for 2 more years, and worked as a weaver and a teacher at the local school.
In 1782 she enlisted as Robert Shurtlieff and became a part of the Light Infantry Company of the Fourth Massachusetts Regiment. She was tall, and strong as the rest of the men. She had the strength enough for the job. She fought in several encounters while in the army. In July 1782, she was hit by a musket ball in her thigh and got cut in her forehead. She left the hospital after her head wound was treated so that her secret would not be revealed. She then removed the musket ball with a penknife and sewed the wound herself. Her leg never healed fully but her secret was safe. In 1783 she served as a waiter for General John Patterson.
During the same year, she came down with a fever and was taken care of by a doctor called Barnabas Binney. He discovered her secret, but did not reveal it. He took her to his home where his wife and daughters took care of Deborah.

In September 1783, the Treaty of Paris was signed and Dr. Binney sent Deborah to George Washington with a note. Her secret was finally out but George Washington never said anything. She received an honorable discharge and was sent back home with money to cover her travel fare.

Continental Army

The Continental Army was an amy formed by the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America. It was established as a resolution of the Continental Congress to revolt in military efforts against the rules of Great Britain.Itg was mainly controlled by militias and troups that were lead among their colonies. George Washington was the cheif of all this army in the Revolutionary War.

Most of the army dissolved in 1783 after the Treaty of Paris that ended the war. The remaning units were probably the nucleus of what became the Army of the United States.